User Name: leonMire

Speaker Characteristics:

Gender: [male];
Age range: [adult];
Language: [EN];
Pronunciation dialect: American English.

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Microphone type: unknown;
Audio card make: unknown;
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File Info:

File type: [WAV];
Sampling rate: [44.1kHz];
Sample rate format: [16bit];
Number of channels: [1];
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AudioBook Info:

Source: [LibriVox];
Book: [LEVIATHAN] ;
Chapter: [Chapter 22];
Author: [Thomas Hobbes];
Reader: [leonMire].

Update WebGUI Forum: yes

Prompts:

lev0001 CHAPTER TWENTY TWO OF LEVIATHAN THIS IS A LIBRIVOX RECORDING ALL LIBRIVOX RECORDINGS ARE IN THE PUBLIC DOMAIN
lev0002 FOR MORE INFORMATION OR TO VOLUNTEER PLEASE VISIT LIBRIVOX DOT ORG RECORDING BY LEON MYERS
lev0003 LEVIATHAN BY THOMAS HOBBES CHAPTER TWENTY TWO OF SYSTEMS SUBJECT POLITICAL AND PRIVATE
lev0004 HAVING SPOKEN OF THE GENERATION FORM AND POWER OF A COMMON WEALTH
lev0005 I AM IN ORDER TO SPEAK NEXT OF THE PARTS THEREOF AND FIRST OF SYSTEMS
lev0006 WHICH RESEMBLE THE SIMILAR PARTS OR MUSCLES OF A BODY NATURAL BY SYSTEMS I UNDERSTAND ANY NUMBERS OF MEN
lev0007 JOINED IN ONE INTEREST OR ONE BUSINESS OF WHICH SOME ARE REGULAR AND SOME IRREGULAR
lev0008 REGULAR ARE THOSE WHERE ONE MAN OR ASSEMBLY OF MEN IS CONSTITUTED REPRESENTATIVE OF THE WHOLE NUMBER
lev0009 ALL OTHER ARE IRREGULAR OF REGULAR SOME ARE ABSOLUTE AND INDEPENDENT SUBJECT TO NONE BUT THEIR OWN REPRESENTATIVE
lev0010 SUCH ARE ONLY COMMON WEALTHS OF WHICH I HAVE SPOKEN ALREADY IN THE FIVE LAST PRECEDING CHAPTERS
lev0011 OTHERS ARE DEPENDENT THAT IS TO SAY SUBORDINATE TO SOME SOVEREIGN POWER TO WHICH EVERY ONE
lev0012 AS ALSO THEIR REPRESENTATIVE IS SUBJECT OF SYSTEMS SUBORDINATE SOME ARE POLITICAL AND SOME PRIVATE
lev0013 POLITICAL OTHERWISE CALLED BODIES POLITIC AND PERSONS IN LAW
lev0014 ARE THOSE WHICH ARE MADE BY AUTHORITY FROM THE SOVEREIGN POWER OF THE COMMON WEALTH
lev0015 PRIVATE ARE THOSE WHICH ARE CONSTITUTED BY SUBJECTS AMONGST THEMSELVES OR BY AUTHORITY FROM A STRANGER
lev0016 FOR NO AUTHORITY DERIVED FROM FOREIGN POWER WITHIN THE DOMINION OF ANOTHER IS PUBLIC THERE
lev0017 BUT PRIVATE AND OF PRIVATE SYSTEMS SOME ARE LAWFUL SOME UNLAWFUL
lev0018 LAWFUL ARE THOSE WHICH ARE ALLOWED BY THE COMMON WEALTH ALL OTHER ARE UNLAWFUL
lev0019 IRREGULAR SYSTEMS ARE THOSE WHICH HAVING NO REPRESENTATIVE CONSIST ONLY IN CONCOURSE OF PEOPLE
lev0020 WHICH IF NOT FORBIDDEN BY THE COMMON WEALTH NOR MADE ON EVIL DESIGN
lev0021 SUCH AS ARE CONFLUX OF PEOPLE TO MARKETS OR SHOWS OR ANY OTHER HARMLESS END
lev0022 ARE LAWFUL BUT WHEN THE INTENTION IS EVIL OR IF THE NUMBER BE CONSIDERABLE UNKNOWN
lev0023 THEY ARE UNLAWFUL IN BODIES POLITIC THE POWER OF THE REPRESENTATIVE IS ALWAYS LIMITED
lev0024 AND THAT WHICH PRESCRIBETH THE LIMITS THEREOF IS THE POWER SOVEREIGN FOR POWER UNLIMITED IS ABSOLUTE SOVEREIGNTY AND
lev0025 THE SOVEREIGN IN EVERY COMMONWEALTH IS THE ABSOLUTE REPRESENTATIVE OF ALL THE SUBJECTS
lev0026 AND THEREFORE NO OTHER CAN BE REPRESENTATIVE OF ANY PART OF THEM
lev0027 BUT SO FAR FORTH AS HE SHALL GIVE LEAVE
lev0028 AND TO GIVE LEAVE TO A BODY POLITIC OF SUBJECTS TO HAVE AN ABSOLUTE REPRESENTATIVE
lev0029 TO ALL INTENTS AND PURPOSES WERE TO ABANDON THE GOVERNMENT OF SO MUCH OF THE COMMONWEALTH
lev0030 AND TO DIVIDE THE DOMINION CONTRARY TO THEIR PEACE AND DEFENSE WHICH THE SOVEREIGN CANNOT BE UNDERSTOOD TO DOE
lev0031 BY ANY GRANT THAT DOES NOT PLAINLY AND DIRECTLY DISCHARGE THEM OF THEIR SUBJECTION
lev0032 FOR CONSEQUENCES OF WORDS ARE NOT THE SIGNS OF HIS WILL
lev0033 WHEN OTHER CONSEQUENCES ARE SIGNS OF THE CONTRARY BUT RATHER SIGNS OF ERROR AND MISRECKONING
lev0034 TO WHICH ALL MANKIND IS TOO PRONE THE BOUNDS OF THAT POWER WHICH IS GIVEN TO THE REPRESENTATIVE OF A BODY POLITIC
lev0035 ARE TO BE TAKEN NOTICE OF FROM TWO THINGS ONE IS THEIR WRIT
lev0036 OR LETTERS FROM THE SOVEREIGN THE OTHER IS THE LAW OF THE COMMON WEALTH
lev0037 FOR THOUGH IN THE INSTITUTION OR ACQUISITION OF A COMMON WEALTH WHICH IS INDEPENDENT THERE NEEDS NO WRITING
lev0038 BECAUSE THE POWER OF THE REPRESENTATIVE HAS THERE NO OTHER BOUNDS BUT SUCH AS ARE SET OUT BY THE UNWRITTEN LAW OF NATURE
lev0039 YET IN SUBORDINATE BODIES THERE ARE SUCH DIVERSITIES OF LIMITATION NECESSARY CONCERNING THEIR BUSINESS TIMES AND PLACES
lev0040 AS CAN NEITHER BE REMEMBERED WITHOUT LETTERS NOR TAKEN NOTICE OF
lev0041 UNLESS SUCH LETTERS BE PATENT THAT THEY MAY BE READ TO THEM AND WITHALL SEALED OR TESTIFIED
lev0042 WITH THE SEALS OR OTHER PERMANENT SIGNS OF THE AUTHORITY SOVEREIGN
lev0043 AND BECAUSE SUCH LIMITATION IS NOT ALWAYS EASY OR PERHAPS POSSIBLE TO BE DESCRIBED IN WRITING
lev0044 THE ORDINARY LAWS COMMON TO ALL SUBJECTS MUST DETERMINE THAT THE REPRESENTATIVE MAY LAWFULLY DO
lev0045 IN ALL CASES WHERE THE LETTERS THEMSELVES ARE SILENT AND THEREFORE IN A BODY POLITIC
lev0046 IF THE REPRESENTATIVE BE ONE MAN WHATSOEVER HE DOES IN THE PERSON OF THE BODY
lev0047 WHICH IS NOT WARRANTED IN HIS LETTERS NOR BY THE LAWS
lev0048 IS HIS OWN ACT AND NOT THE ACT OF THE BODY
lev0049 NOR OF ANY OTHER MEMBER THEREOF BESIDES HIMSELF
lev0050 BECAUSE FURTHER THAN HIS LETTERS OR THE LAWS LIMIT HE REPRESENTETH NO MANS PERSON BUT HIS OWN BUT
lev0051 WHAT HE DOES ACCORDING TO THESE IS THE ACT OF EVERY ONE
lev0052 FOR OF THE ACT OF THE SOVEREIGN EVERY ONE IS AUTHOR BECAUSE HE IS THEIR REPRESENTATIVE UNLIMITED AND
lev0053 THE ACT OF HIM THAT RECEDES NOT FROM THE LETTERS OF THE SOVEREIGN
lev0054 IS THE ACT OF THE SOVEREIGN AND THEREFORE EVERY MEMBER OF THE BODY IS AUTHOR OF IT
lev0055 BUT IF THE REPRESENTATIVE BE AN ASSEMBLY WHATSOEVER THAT ASSEMBLY SHALL DECREE NOT WARRANTED BY THEIR LETTERS OR THE LAWS
lev0056 IS THE ACT OF THE ASSEMBLY OR BODY POLITIC AND THE ACT OF EVERY ONE BY WHOSE VOTE THE DECREE WAS MADE
lev0057 BUT NOT THE ACT OF ANY MAN THAT BEING PRESENT VOTED TO THE CONTRARY
lev0058 NOR OF ANY MAN ABSENT UNLESS HE VOTED IT BY PROCURATION
lev0059 IT IS THE ACT OF THE ASSEMBLY BECAUSE VOTED BY THE MAJOR PART
lev0060 AND IF IT BE A CRIME THE ASSEMBLY MAY BE PUNISHED AS FAR FORTH AS IT IS CAPABLE
lev0061 AS BY DISSOLUTION OR FORFEITURE OF THEIR LETTERS WHICH IS TO SUCH ARTIFICIAL AND FICTITIOUS BODIES CAPITAL
lev0062 OR IF THE ASSEMBLY HAVE A COMMON STOCK WHEREIN NONE OF THE INNOCENT MEMBERS HAVE PROPRIETY BY PECUNIARY MULCT
lev0063 FOR FROM CORPORAL PENALTIES NATURE HATH EXEMPTED ALL BODIES POLITIC
lev0064 BUT THEY THAT GAVE NOT THEIR VOTE ARE THEREFORE INNOCENT BECAUSE THE ASSEMBLY CANNOT REPRESENT ANY MAN IN THINGS UNWARRANTED BY THEIR LETTERS
lev0065 AND CONSEQUENTLY ARE NOT INVOLVED IN THEIR VOTES IF THE PERSON OF THE BODY POLITIC
lev0066 BEING IN ONE MAN BORROW MONEY OF A STRANGER THAT IS OF ONE THAT IS NOT OF THE SAME BODY
lev0067 FOR NO LETTERS NEED LIMIT BORROWING SEEING IT IS LEFT TO MENS OWN INCLINATIONS TO LIMIT LENDING
lev0068 THE DEBT IS THE REPRESENTATIVES FOR IF HE SHOULD HAVE AUTHORITY FROM HIS LETTERS
lev0069 TO MAKE THE MEMBERS PAY WHAT HE BORROWETH HE SHOULD HAVE BY CONSEQUENCE THE SOVEREIGNTY OF THEM
lev0070 AND THEREFORE THE GRANT WERE EITHER VOYD AS PROCEEDING FROM ERROR COMMONLY INCIDENT TO HUMANE NATURE
lev0071 AND AN INSUFFICIENT SIGN OF THE WILL OF THE GRANTER
lev0072 OR IF IT BE AVOWED BY HIM THEN IS THE REPRESENTER SOVEREIGN
lev0073 AND FALLETH NOT UNDER THE PRESENT QUESTION WHICH IS ONLY OF BODIES SUBORDINATE
lev0074 NO MEMBER THEREFORE IS OBLIGED TO PAY THE DEBT SO BORROWED BUT THE REPRESENTATIVE HIMSELF
lev0075 BECAUSE HE THAT LENDETH IT BEING A STRANGER TO THE LETTERS AND TO THE QUALIFICATION OF THE BODY
lev0076 UNDERSTANDETH THOSE ONLY FOR HIS DEBTORS THAT ARE ENGAGED AND SEEING THE REPRESENTER CAN ENGAGE HIMSELF AND NONE ELSE
lev0077 HAS HIM ONLY FOR DEBTOR WHO MUST THEREFORE PAY HIM OUT OF THE COMMON STOCK IF THERE BE ANY
lev0078 OR IF THERE BE NONE OUT OF HIS OWN ESTATE
lev0079 IF HE COME INTO DEBT BY CONTRACT OR MULCT THE CASE IS THE SAME
lev0080 BUT WHEN THE REPRESENTATIVE IS AN ASSEMBLY AND THE DEBT TO A STRANGER
lev0081 ALL THEY AND ONLY THEY ARE RESPONSIBLE FOR THE DEBT THAT GAVE THEIR VOTES TO THE BORROWING OF IT OR TO THE CONTRACT THAT MADE IT DUE
lev0082 OR TO THE FACT FOR WHICH THE MULCT WAS IMPOSED BECAUSE EVERY ONE OF THOSE IN VOTING
lev0083 DID ENGAGE HIMSELF FOR THE PAYMENT FOR HE THAT IS AUTHOR OF THE BORROWING
lev0084 IS OBLIGED TO THE PAYMENT EVEN OF THE WHOLE DEBT THOUGH WHEN PAID BY ANY ONE HE BE DISCHARGED
lev0085 BUT IF THE DEBT BE TO ONE OF THE ASSEMBLY THE ASSEMBLY ONLY IS OBLIGED TO THE PAYMENT
lev0086 OUT OF THEIR COMMON STOCK IF THEY HAVE ANY
lev0087 FOR HAVING LIBERTY OF VOTE IF HE VOTE THE MONEY SHALL BE BORROWED
lev0088 HE VOTES IT SHALL BE PAID IF HE VOTE IT SHALL NOT BE BORROWED
lev0089 OR BE ABSENT YET BECAUSE IN LENDING HE VOTETH THE BORROWING HE CONTRADICTETH HIS FORMER VOTE
lev0090 AND IS OBLIGED BY THE LATER AND BECOMES BOTH BORROWER AND LENDER
lev0091 AND CONSEQUENTLY CANNOT DEMAND PAYMENT FROM ANY PARTICULAR MAN BUT FROM THE COMMON TREASURE ONLY
lev0092 WHICH FAILING HE HATH NO REMEDY NOR COMPLAINT BUT AGAINST HIMSELF
lev0093 THAT BEING PRIVY TO THE ACTS OF THE ASSEMBLY AND THEIR MEANS TO PAY
lev0094 AND NOT BEING ENFORCED DID NEVERTHELESS THROUGH HIS OWN FOLLY LEND HIS MONEY
lev0095 IT IS MANIFEST BY THIS THAT IN BODIES POLITIC SUBORDINATE AND SUBJECT TO A SOVEREIGN POWER
lev0096 IT IS SOMETIMES NOT ONLY LAWFUL BUT EXPEDIENT FOR A PARTICULAR MAN TO MAKE OPEN PROTESTATION
lev0097 AGAINST THE DECREES OF THE REPRESENTATIVE ASSEMBLY AND CAUSE THEIR DISSENT TO BE REGISTERED
lev0098 OR TO TAKE WITNESS OF IT BECAUSE OTHERWISE THEY MAY BE OBLIGED TO PAY DEBTS CONTRACTED
lev0099 AND BE RESPONSIBLE FOR CRIMES COMMITTED BY OTHER MEN BUT IN A SOVEREIGN ASSEMBLY THAT LIBERTY IS TAKEN AWAY
lev0100 BOTH BECAUSE HE THAT PROTESTETH THERE DENIES THEIR SOVEREIGNTY AND ALSO BECAUSE WHATSOEVER IS COMMANDED BY THE SOVEREIGN POWER
lev0101 IS AS TO THE SUBJECT THOUGH NOT SO ALWAYS IN THE SIGHT OF GOD
lev0102 JUSTIFIED BY THE COMMAND FOR OF SUCH COMMAND EVERY SUBJECT IS THE AUTHOR
lev0103 THE VARIETY OF BODIES POLITIC IS ALMOST INFINITE
lev0104 FOR THEY ARE NOT ONLY DISTINGUISHED BY THE SEVERAL AFFAIRS FOR WHICH THEY ARE CONSTITUTED
lev0105 WHEREIN THERE IS AN UNSPEAKABLE DIVERSITY BUT ALSO BY THE TIMES PLACES AND NUMBERS
lev0106 SUBJECT TO MANY LIMITATIONS AND AS TO THEIR AFFAIRS SOME ARE ORDAINED FOR GOVERNMENT
lev0107 AS FIRST THE GOVERNMENT OF A PROVINCE MAY BE COMMITTED TO AN ASSEMBLY OF MEN
lev0108 WHEREIN ALL RESOLUTIONS SHALL DEPEND ON THE VOTES OF THE MAJOR PART
lev0109 AND THEN THIS ASSEMBLY IS A BODY POLITIC AND THEIR POWER LIMITED BY COMMISSION
lev0110 THIS WORD PROVINCE SIGNIFIES A CHARGE OR CARE OF BUSINESS WHICH HE WHOSE BUSINESS IT IS
lev0111 COMMITTETH TO ANOTHER MAN TO BE ADMINISTERED FOR AND UNDER HIM
lev0112 AND THEREFORE WHEN IN ONE COMMON WEALTH THERE BE DIVERS COUNTRIES THAT HAVE THEIR LAWS DISTINCT ONE FROM ANOTHER
lev0113 OR ARE FAR DISTANT IN PLACE THE ADMINISTRATION OF THE GOVERNMENT BEING COMMITTED TO DIVERS PERSONS
lev0114 THOSE COUNTRIES WHERE THE SOVEREIGN IS NOT RESIDENT BUT GOVERNS BY COMMISSION ARE CALLED PROVINCES
lev0115 BUT OF THE GOVERNMENT OF A PROVINCE BY AN ASSEMBLY RESIDING IN THE PROVINCE IT SELF
lev0116 THERE BE FEW EXAMPLES THE ROMANS WHO HAD THE SOVEREIGNTY OF MANY PROVINCES
lev0117 YET GOVERNED THEM ALWAYS BY PRESIDENTS AND PRAETORS
lev0118 AND NOT BY ASSEMBLIES AS THEY GOVERNED THE CITY OF ROME AND TERRITORIES ADJACENT
lev0119 IN LIKE MANNER WHEN THERE WERE COLONIES SENT FROM ENGLAND TO PLANT VIRGINIA AND SOMMER ISLANDS
lev0120 THOUGH THE GOVERNMENT OF THEM HERE WERE COMMITTED TO ASSEMBLIES IN LONDON
lev0121 YET DID THOSE ASSEMBLIES NEVER COMMIT THE GOVERNMENT UNDER THEM TO ANY ASSEMBLY THERE
lev0122 BUT DID TO EACH PLANTATION SEND ONE GOVERNOR FOR THOUGH EVERY MAN WHERE HE CAN BE PRESENT BY NATURE
lev0123 DESIRES TO PARTICIPATE OF GOVERNMENT YET WHERE THEY CANNOT BE PRESENT
lev0124 THEY ARE BY NATURE ALSO INCLINED TO COMMIT THE GOVERNMENT OF THEIR COMMON INTEREST RATHER TO A MONARCHICAL
lev0125 THEN A POPULAR FORM OF GOVERNMENT WHICH IS ALSO EVIDENT IN THOSE MEN THAT HAVE GREAT PRIVATE ESTATES
lev0126 WHO WHEN THEY ARE UNWILLING TO TAKE THE PAINS OF ADMINISTERING THE BUSINESS THAT BELONGS TO THEM
lev0127 CHOOSE RATHER TO TRUST ONE SERVANT THAN A ASSEMBLY EITHER OF THEIR FRIENDS OR SERVANTS
lev0128 BUT HOWSOEVER IT BE IN FACT YET WE MAY SUPPOSE THE GOVERNMENT OF A PROVINCE OR COLONY COMMITTED TO AN ASSEMBLY
lev0129 AND WHEN IT IS THAT WHICH IN THIS PLACE I HAVE TO SAY IS THIS
lev0130 THAT WHATSOEVER DEBT IS BY THAT ASSEMBLY CONTRACTED OR WHATSOEVER UNLAWFUL ACT IS DECREED
lev0131 IS THE ACT ONLY OF THOSE THAT ASSENTED AND NOT OF ANY THAT DISSENTED
lev0132 OR WERE ABSENT FOR THE REASONS BEFORE ALLEGED ALSO THAT AN ASSEMBLY RESIDING OUT OF THE BOUNDS OF THAT COLONY
lev0133 WHEREOF THEY HAVE THE GOVERNMENT CANNOT EXECUTE ANY POWER OVER THE PERSONS OR GOODS OF ANY OF THE COLONY
lev0134 TO SEIZE ON THEM FOR DEBT OR OTHER DUTY IN ANY PLACE WITHOUT THE COLONY IT SELF
lev0135 AS HAVING NO JURISDICTION NOR AUTHORITY ELSEWHERE BUT ARE LEFT TO THE REMEDY WHICH THE LAW OF THE PLACE ALLOWETH THEM AND
lev0136 THOUGH THE ASSEMBLY HAVE RIGHT TO IMPOSE A MULCT UPON ANY OF THEIR MEMBERS THAT SHALL BREAK THE LAWS THEY MAKE
lev0137 YET OUT OF THE COLONY IT SELF THEY HAVE NO RIGHT TO EXECUTE THE SAME
lev0138 AND THAT WHICH IS SAID HERE OF THE RIGHTS OF AN ASSEMBLY FOR THE GOVERNMENT OF A PROVINCE
lev0139 OR A COLONY IS APPLICABLE ALSO TO AN ASSEMBLY FOR THE GOVERNMENT OF A TOWN OR
lev0140 UNIVERSITY OR A COLLEGE OR A CHURCH OR FOR ANY OTHER GOVERNMENT OVER THE PERSONS OF MEN
lev0141 AND GENERALLY IN ALL BODIES POLITIC IF ANY PARTICULAR MEMBER CONCEIVE HIMSELF INJURED BY THE BODY IT SELF
lev0142 THE COGNISANCE OF HIS CAUSE BELONGED TO THE SOVEREIGN AND THOSE THE SOVEREIGN HATH ORDAINED FOR JUDGES IN SUCH CAUSES
lev0143 OR SHALL ORDAIN FOR THAT PARTICULAR CAUSE AND NOT TO THE BODY IT SELF
lev0144 FOR THE WHOLE BODY IS IN THIS CASE HIS FELLOW SUBJECT WHICH IN A SOVEREIGN ASSEMBLY IS OTHERWISE
lev0145 FOR THERE IF THE SOVEREIGN BE NOT JUDGE THOUGH IN HIS OWN CAUSE
lev0146 THERE CAN BE NO JUDGE AT ALL IN A BODY POLITIC FOR THE WELL ORDERING OF FOREIGN TRAFFIC
lev0147 THE MOST COMMODIOUS REPRESENTATIVE IS AN ASSEMBLY OF ALL THE MEMBERS THAT IS TO SAY
lev0148 SUCH A ONE AS EVERY ONE THAT ADVENTURETH HIS MONEY MAY BE PRESENT AT ALL THE DELIBERATIONS AND RESOLUTIONS OF THE BODY
lev0149 IF THEY WILL THEMSELVES FOR PROOF WHEREOF WE ARE TO CONSIDER THE END FOR WHICH MEN THAT ARE MERCHANTS
lev0150 AND MAY BUY AND SELL EXPORT AND IMPORT THEIR MERCHANDISE ACCORDING TO THEIR OWN DISCRETIONS
lev0151 DOE NEVERTHELESS BIND THEMSELVES UP IN ONE CORPORATION
lev0152 IT IS TRUE THERE BE FEW MERCHANTS THAT WITH THE MERCHANDISE THEY BUY AT HOME
lev0153 CAN FREIGHT A SHIP TO EXPORT IT OR WITH THAT THEY BUY ABROAD TO BRING IT HOME
lev0154 AND HAVE THEREFORE NEED TO JOIN TOGETHER IN ONE SOCIETY WHERE EVERY MAN MAY EITHER PARTICIPATE OF THE GAIN
lev0155 ACCORDING TO THE PROPORTION OF HIS ADVENTURE OR TAKE HIS OWN AND SELL WHAT HE TRANSPORTS OR IMPORTS
lev0156 AT SUCH PRICES AS HE THINKS FIT BUT THIS IS NO BODY POLITIC
lev0157 THERE BEING NO COMMON REPRESENTATIVE TO OBLIGE THEM TO ANY OTHER LAW THAN THAT WHICH IS COMMON TO ALL OTHER SUBJECTS
lev0158 THE END OF THEIR INCORPORATING IS TO MAKE THEIR GAIN THE GREATER WHICH IS DONE TWO WAYS
lev0159 BY SOLE BUYING AND SOLE SELLING BOTH AT HOME AND ABROAD
lev0160 SO THAT TO GRANT TO A COMPANY OF MERCHANTS TO BE A CORPORATION OR BODY POLITIC
lev0161 IS TO GRANT THEM A DOUBLE MONOPOLY WHEREOF ONE IS TO BE SOLE BUYERS
lev0162 ANOTHER TO BE SOLE SELLERS FOR WHEN THERE IS A COMPANY INCORPORATE FOR ANY PARTICULAR FOREIGN COUNTRY
lev0163 THEY ONLY EXPORT THE COMMODITIES VENDIBLE IN THAT COUNTRY WHICH IS SOLE BUYING AT HOME AND SOLE SELLING ABROAD
lev0164 FOR AT HOME THERE IS BUT ONE BUYER AND ABROAD BUT ONE THAT SELLETH
lev0165 BOTH WHICH IS GAINFUL TO THE MERCHANT BECAUSE THEREBY THEY BUY AT HOME AT LOWER
lev0166 AND SELL ABROAD AT HIGHER RATES AND ABROAD THERE IS BUT ONE BUYER OF FOREIGN MERCHANDISE
lev0167 AND BUT ONE THAT SELLS THEM AT HOME BOTH WHICH AGAIN ARE GAINFUL TO THE ADVENTURERS
lev0168 OF THIS DOUBLE MONOPOLY ONE PART IS DISADVANTAGEOUS TO THE PEOPLE AT HOME THE OTHER TO FOREIGNERS
lev0169 FOR AT HOME BY THEIR SOLE EXPORTATION THEY SET WHAT PRICE THEY PLEASE ON THE HUSBANDRY AND HANDY WORKS OF THE PEOPLE
lev0170 AND BY THE SOLE IMPORTATION WHAT PRICE THEY PLEASE ON ALL FOREIGN COMMODITIES THE PEOPLE HAVE NEED OF
lev0171 BOTH WHICH ARE ILL FOR THE PEOPLE ON THE CONTRARY BY THE SOLE SELLING OF THE NATIVE COMMODITIES ABROAD
lev0172 AND SOLE BUYING THE FOREIGN COMMODITIES UPON THE PLACE THEY RAISE THE PRICE OF THOSE AND ABATE THE PRICE OF THESE
lev0173 TO THE DISADVANTAGE OF THE FOREIGNER FOR WHERE BUT ONE SELLETH THE MERCHANDISE IS THE DEARER
lev0174 AND WHERE BUT ONE BUYETH THE CHEAPER SUCH CORPORATIONS THEREFORE ARE NO OTHER THEN MONOPOLIES
lev0175 THOUGH THEY WOULD BE VERY PROFITABLE FOR A COMMON WEALTH IF BEING BOUND UP INTO ONE BODY IN FOREIGN MARKETS
lev0176 THEY WERE AT LIBERTY AT HOME EVERY MAN TO BUY AND SELL AT WHAT PRICE HE COULD
lev0177 THE END THEN OF THESE BODIES OF MERCHANTS BEING NOT A COMMON BENEFIT TO THE WHOLE BODY
lev0178 WHICH HAVE IN THIS CASE NO COMMON STOCK BUT WHAT IS DEDUCTED OUT OF THE PARTICULAR ADVENTURES
lev0179 FOR BUILDING BUYING VICTUALLING AND MANNING OF SHIPS BUT THE PARTICULAR GAIN OF EVERY ADVENTURER
lev0180 IT IS REASON THAT EVERY ONE BE ACQUAINTED WITH THE EMPLOYMENT OF HIS OWN THAT
lev0181 IS THAT EVERY ONE BE OF THE ASSEMBLY THAT SHALL HAVE THE POWER TO ORDER THE SAME
lev0182 AND BE ACQUAINTED WITH THEIR ACCOUNTS AND THEREFORE THE REPRESENTATIVE OF SUCH A BODY MUST BE AN ASSEMBLY
lev0183 WHERE EVERY MEMBER OF THE BODY MAY BE PRESENT AT THE CONSULTATIONS IF HE WILL
lev0184 IF A BODY POLITIC OF MERCHANTS CONTRACT A DEBT TO A STRANGER BY THE ACT OF THEIR REPRESENTATIVE ASSEMBLY
lev0185 EVERY MEMBER IS LIABLE BY HIMSELF FOR THE WHOLE FOR A STRANGER CAN TAKE NO NOTICE OF THEIR PRIVATE LAWS
lev0186 BUT CONSIDERETH THEM AS SO MANY PARTICULAR MEN OBLIGED EVERY ONE TO THE WHOLE PAYMENT
lev0187 TILL PAYMENT MADE BY ONE DISCHARGETH ALL THE REST BUT IF THE DEBT BE TO ONE OF THE COMPANY
lev0188 THE CREDITOR IS DEBTER FOR THE WHOLE TO HIMSELF
lev0189 AND CANNOT THEREFORE DEMAND HIS DEBT BUT ONLY FROM THE COMMON STOCK IF THERE BE ANY
lev0190 IF THE COMMON WEALTH IMPOSE A TAX UPON THE BODY
lev0191 IT IS UNDERSTOOD TO BE LAID UPON EVERY MEMBER PROPORTIONALLY TO HIS PARTICULAR ADVENTURE IN THE COMPANY
lev0192 FOR THERE IS IN THIS CASE NO OTHER COMMON STOCK BUT WHAT IS MADE OF THEIR PARTICULAR ADVENTURES
lev0193 IF A MULCT BE LAID UPON THE BODY FOR SOME UNLAWFUL ACT THEY ONLY ARE LIABLE BY WHOSE VOTES THE ACT WAS DECREED
lev0194 OR BY WHOSE ASSISTANCE IT WAS EXECUTED FOR IN NONE OF THE REST IS THERE ANY OTHER CRIME BUT BEING OF THE BODY
lev0195 WHICH IF A CRIME BECAUSE THE BODY WAS ORDAINED BY THE AUTHORITY OF THE COMMON WEALTH
lev0196 IS NOT HIS IF ONE OF THE MEMBERS BE INDEBTED TO THE BODY HE MAY BE SUED BY THE BODY
lev0197 BUT HIS GOODS CANNOT BE TAKEN NOR HIS PERSON IMPRISONED BY THE AUTHORITY OF THE BODY
lev0198 BUT ONLY BY AUTHORITY OF THE COMMON WEALTH FOR IF THEY CAN DOE IT BY THEIR OWN AUTHORITY
lev0199 THEY CAN BY THEIR OWN AUTHORITY GIVE JUDGMENT THAT THE DEBT IS DUE
lev0200 WHICH IS AS MUCH AS TO BE JUDGE IN THEIR OWN CAUSE
lev0201 THESE BODIES MADE FOR THE GOVERNMENT OF MEN OR OF TRAFFIC BE EITHER PERPETUAL
lev0202 OR FOR A TIME PRESCRIBED BY WRITING BUT THERE BE BODIES ALSO WHOSE TIMES ARE LIMITED
lev0203 AND THAT ONLY BY THE NATURE OF THEIR BUSINESS FOR EXAMPLE IF A SOVEREIGN MONARCH
lev0204 OR A SOVEREIGN ASSEMBLY SHALL THINK FIT TO GIVE COMMAND TO THE TOWNS
lev0205 AND OTHER SEVERAL PARTS OF THEIR TERRITORY TO SEND TO HIM THEIR DEPUTIES
lev0206 TO INFORM HIM OF THE CONDITION AND NECESSITIES OF THE SUBJECTS
lev0207 OR TO ADVISE WITH HIM FOR THE MAKING OF GOOD LAWS
lev0208 OR FOR ANY OTHER CAUSE AS WITH ONE PERSON REPRESENTING THE WHOLE COUNTRY
lev0209 SUCH DEPUTIES HAVING A PLACE AND TIME OF MEETING ASSIGNED THEM
lev0210 ARE THERE AND AT THAT TIME A BODY POLITIC REPRESENTING EVERY SUBJECT OF THAT DOMINION
lev0211 BUT IT IS ONLY FOR SUCH MATTERS AS SHALL BE PROPOUNDED UNTO THEM BY THAT MAN
lev0212 OR ASSEMBLY THAT BY THE SOVEREIGN AUTHORITY SENT FOR THEM
lev0213 AND WHEN IT SHALL BE DECLARED THAT NOTHING MORE SHALL BE PROPOUNDED NOR DEBATED BY THEM
lev0214 THE BODY IS DISSOLVED FOR IF THEY WERE THE ABSOLUTE REPRESENTATIVE OF THE PEOPLE
lev0215 THEN WERE IT THE SOVEREIGN ASSEMBLY AND SO THERE WOULD BE TWO SOVEREIGN ASSEMBLIES
lev0216 OR TWO SOVEREIGNS OVER THE SAME PEOPLE WHICH CANNOT CONSIST WITH THEIR PEACE
lev0217 AND THEREFORE WHERE THERE IS ONCE A SOVEREIGNTY THERE CAN BE NO ABSOLUTE REPRESENTATION OF THE PEOPLE BUT BY IT
lev0218 AND FOR THE LIMITS OF HOW FAR SUCH A BODY SHALL REPRESENT THE WHOLE PEOPLE
lev0219 THEY ARE SET FORTH IN THE WRITING BY WHICH THEY WERE SENT FOR
lev0220 FOR THE PEOPLE CANNOT CHOOSE THEIR DEPUTIES TO OTHER INTENT THAN IS IN THE WRITING DIRECTED TO THEM FROM THEIR SOVEREIGN EXPRESSED
lev0221 PRIVATE BODIES REGULAR AND LAWFUL ARE THOSE THAT ARE CONSTITUTED WITHOUT LETTERS OR OTHER WRITTEN AUTHORITY
lev0222 SAVING THE LAWS COMMON TO ALL OTHER SUBJECTS AND BECAUSE THEY BE UNITED IN ONE PERSON REPRESENTATIVE
lev0223 THEY ARE HELD FOR REGULAR SUCH AS ARE ALL FAMILIES IN WHICH THE FATHER OR MASTER ORDERETH THE WHOLE FAMILY
lev0224 FOR HE OBLIGETH HIS CHILDREN AND SERVANTS AS FAR AS THE LAW PERMITTETH THOUGH NOT FURTHER
lev0225 BECAUSE NONE OF THEM ARE BOUND TO OBEDIENCE IN THOSE ACTIONS WHICH THE LAW HATH FORBIDDEN TO BE DONE
lev0226 IN ALL OTHER ACTIONS DURING THE TIME THEY ARE UNDER DOMESTIC GOVERNMENT THEY ARE SUBJECT TO THEIR FATHERS AND MASTERS
lev0227 AS TO THEIR IMMEDIATE SOVEREIGNS FOR THE FATHER AND MASTER BEING BEFORE THE INSTITUTION OF COMMON WEALTH
lev0228 ABSOLUTE SOVEREIGNS IN THEIR OWN FAMILIES THEY LOSE AFTERWARD NO MORE OF THEIR AUTHORITY THAN THE LAW OF THE COMMON WEALTH TAKETH FROM THEM
lev0229 PRIVATE BODIES REGULAR BUT UNLAWFUL ARE THOSE THAT UNITE THEMSELVES INTO ONE PERSON REPRESENTATIVE
lev0230 WITHOUT ANY PUBLIC AUTHORITY AT ALL SUCH AS ARE THE CORPORATIONS OF BEGGARS THIEVES AND GYPSIES
lev0231 THE BETTER TO ORDER THEIR TRADE OF BEGGING AND STEALING AND
lev0232 THE CORPORATIONS OF MEN THAT BY AUTHORITY FROM ANY FOREIGN PERSON UNITE THEMSELVES IN ANOTHERS DOMINION
lev0233 FOR EASIER PROPAGATION OF DOCTRINES AND FOR MAKING A PARTY AGAINST THE POWER OF THE COMMON WEALTH
lev0234 IRREGULAR SYSTEMS IN THEIR NATURE BUT LEAGUES OR SOMETIMES MEER CONCOURSE OF PEOPLE WITHOUT UNION TO ANY PARTICULAR DESIGN
lev0235 NOT BY OBLIGATION OF ONE TO ANOTHER BUT PROCEEDING ONLY FROM A SIMILITUDE OF WILLS AND INCLINATIONS
lev0236 BECOME LAWFUL OR UNLAWFUL ACCORDING TO THE LAWFULNESS OR UNLAWFULNESS OF EVERY PARTICULAR MANS DESIGN THEREIN AND
lev0237 HIS DESIGN IS TO BE UNDERSTOOD BY THE OCCASION THE LEAGUES OF SUBJECTS BECAUSE LEAGUES ARE COMMONLY MADE FOR MUTUAL DEFENSE
lev0238 ARE IN A COMMON WEALTH WHICH IS NO MORE THAN A LEAGUE OF ALL THE SUBJECTS TOGETHER
lev0239 FOR THE MOST PART UNNECESSARY AND SAVOUR OF UNLAWFUL DESIGN AND ARE FOR THAT CAUSE UNLAWFUL
lev0240 AND GO COMMONLY BY THE NAME OF FACTIONS OR CONSPIRACIES FOR A LEAGUE
lev0241 BEING A CONNEXION OF MEN BY COVENANTS IF THERE BE NO POWER GIVEN TO ANY ONE MAN OR ASSEMBLY
lev0242 AS IN THE CONDITION OF MEER NATURE TO COMPEL THEM TO PERFORMANCE IS SO LONG ONLY VALID
lev0243 AS THERE ARISETH NO JUST CAUSE OF DISTRUST AND THEREFORE LEAGUES BETWEEN COMMON WEALTHS
lev0244 OVER WHOM THERE IS NO HUMANE POWER ESTABLISHED TO KEEP THEM ALL IN AWE ARE NOT ONLY LAWFUL BUT ALSO PROFITABLE FOR THE TIME THEY LAST
lev0245 BUT LEAGUES OF THE SUBJECTS OF ONE AND THE SAME COMMON WEALTH
lev0246 WHERE EVERY ONE MAY OBTAIN HIS RIGHT BY MEANS OF THE SOVEREIGN POWER
lev0247 ARE UNNECESSARY TO THE MAINTAINING OF PEACE AND JUSTICE
lev0248 AND IN CASE THE DESIGN OF THEM BE EVIL OR UNKNOWN TO THE COMMON WEALTH
lev0249 UNLAWFUL FOR ALL UNITING OF STRENGTH BY PRIVATE MEN IS IF FOR EVIL INTENT UNJUST
lev0250 IF FOR INTENT UNKNOWN DANGEROUS TO THE PUBLIC AND UNJUSTLY CONCEALED
lev0251 IF THE SOVEREIGN POWER BE IN A GREAT ASSEMBLY AND A NUMBER OF MEN PART OF THE ASSEMBLY
lev0252 WITHOUT AUTHORITY CONSULT A PART TO CONTRIVE THE GUIDANCE OF THE REST
lev0253 THIS IS A FACTION OR CONSPIRACY UNLAWFUL AS BEING A FRAUDULENT SEDUCING OF THE ASSEMBLY FOR THEIR PARTICULAR INTEREST
lev0254 BUT IF HE WHOSE PRIVATE INTEREST IS TO BE DEBATED AND JUDGED IN THE ASSEMBLY
lev0255 MAKE AS MANY FRIENDS AS HE CAN IN HIM IT IS NO INJUSTICE BECAUSE IN THIS CASE
lev0256 HE IS NO PART OF THE ASSEMBLY AND THOUGH HE HIRE SUCH FRIENDS WITH MONEY UNLESS THERE BE AN EXPRESS LAW AGAINST IT
lev0257 YET IT IS NOT INJUSTICE FOR SOMETIMES AS MENS MANNERS ARE JUSTICE CANNOT BE HAD WITHOUT MONEY
lev0258 AND EVERY MAN MAY THINK HIS OWN CAUSE JUST TILL IT BE HEARD AND JUDGED
lev0259 IN ALL COMMON WEALTHS IF A PRIVATE MAN ENTERTAIN MORE SERVANTS THAN THE GOVERNMENT OF HIS ESTATE
lev0260 AND LAWFUL EMPLOYMENT HE HAS FOR THEM REQUIRES IT IS FACTION AND UNLAWFUL
lev0261 FOR HAVING THE PROTECTION OF THE COMMON WEALTH HE NEEDETH NOT THE DEFENSE OF PRIVATE FORCE
lev0262 AND WHEREAS IN NATIONS NOT THOROUGHLY CIVILIZED SEVERAL NUMEROUS FAMILIES HAVE LIVED IN CONTINUAL HOSTILITY
lev0263 AND INVADED ONE ANOTHER WITH PRIVATE FORCE YET IT IS EVIDENT ENOUGH THAT THEY HAVE DONE UNJUSTLY
lev0264 OR ELSE THAT THEY HAD NO COMMON WEALTH AND AS FACTIONS FOR KINDRED
lev0265 SO ALSO FACTIONS FOR GOVERNMENT OF RELIGION AS OF PAPISTS PROTESTANTS ETCETERA
lev0266 OR OF STATE AS PATRICIANS AND PLEBEIANS OF OLD TIME IN ROME
lev0267 AND OF ARISTOCRATICALS AND DEMOCRATICALS OF OLD TIME IN GREECE ARE UNJUST
lev0268 AS BEING CONTRARY TO THE PEACE AND SAFETY OF THE PEOPLE
lev0269 AND A TAKING OF THE SWORD OUT OF THE HAND OF THE SOVEREIGN
lev0270 CONCOURSE OF PEOPLE IS AN IRREGULAR SYSTEM THE LAWFULNESS OR UNLAWFULNESS WHEREOF DEPENDETH ON THE OCCASION
lev0271 AND ON THE NUMBER OF THEM THAT ARE ASSEMBLED IF THE OCCASION BE LAWFUL AND MANIFEST
lev0272 THE CONCOURSE IS LAWFUL AS THE USUAL MEETING OF MEN AT CHURCH OR AT A PUBLIC SHEW
lev0273 IN USUAL NUMBERS FOR IF THE NUMBERS BE EXTRAORDINARILY GREAT THE OCCASION IS NOT EVIDENT AND CONSEQUENTLY HE THAT CANNOT RENDER A PARTICULAR AND GOOD ACCOUNT
lev0274 OF HIS BEING AMONGST THEM IS TO BE JUDGED CONSCIOUS OF AN UNLAWFUL AND TUMULTUOUS DESIGN
lev0275 IT MAY BE LAWFUL FOR A THOUSAND MEN TO JOIN IN A PETITION TO BE DELIVERED TO A JUDGE OR MAGISTRATE
lev0276 YET IF A THOUSAND MEN COME TO PRESENT IT IT IS A TUMULTUOUS ASSEMBLY
lev0277 BECAUSE THERE NEEDS BUT ONE OR TWO FOR THAT PURPOSE BUT IN SUCH CASES AS THESE
lev0278 IT IS NOT A SET NUMBER THAT MAKES THE ASSEMBLY UNLAWFUL
lev0279 BUT SUCH A NUMBER AS THE PRESENT OFFICERS ARE NOT ABLE TO SUPPRESS AND BRING TO JUSTICE
lev0280 WHEN AN UNUSUAL NUMBER OF MEN ASSEMBLE AGAINST A MAN WHOM THEY ACCUSE
lev0281 THE ASSEMBLY IS AN UNLAWFUL TUMULT BECAUSE THEY MAY DELIVER THEIR ACCUSATION TO THE MAGISTRATE BY A FEW
lev0282 OR BY ONE MAN SUCH WAS THE CASE OF ST PAUL AT EPHESUS
lev0283 WHERE DEMETRIUS AND A GREAT NUMBER OF OTHER MEN BROUGHT TWO OF PAULS COMPANIONS BEFORE THE MAGISTRATE
lev0284 SAYING WITH ONE VOYCE QUOTE GREAT IS DIANA OF THE EPHESIANS UNQUOTE
lev0285 WHICH WAS THEIR WAY OF DEMANDING JUSTICE AGAINST THEM
lev0286 FOR TEACHING THE PEOPLE SUCH DOCTRINE AS WAS AGAINST THEIR RELIGION AND TRADE
lev0287 THE OCCASION HERE CONSIDERING THE LAWS OF THAT PEOPLE WAS JUST YET WAS THEIR ASSEMBLY JUDGED UNLAWFUL
lev0288 AND THE MAGISTRATE REPREHENDED THEM FOR IT IN THESE WORDS QUOTE
lev0289 IF DEMETRIUS AND THE OTHER WORK MEN CAN ACCUSE ANY MAN OF ANY THING
lev0290 THERE BE PLEAS AND DEPUTIES LET THEM ACCUSE ONE ANOTHER AND IF YOU HAVE ANY OTHER THING TO DEMAND
lev0291 YOUR CASE MAY BE JUDGED IN AN ASSEMBLY LAWFULLY CALLED
lev0292 FOR WE ARE IN DANGER TO BE ACCUSED FOR THIS DAYS SEDITION
lev0293 BECAUSE THERE IS NO CAUSE BY WHICH ANY MAN CAN RENDER ANY REASON OF THIS CONCOURSE OF PEOPLE
lev0294 UNQUOTE WHERE HE CALLETH AN ASSEMBLY WHEREOF MEN CAN GIVE NO JUST ACCOUNT A SEDITION
lev0295 AND SUCH AS THEY COULD NOT ANSWER FOR AND THIS IS ALL I SHALL SAY CONCERNING SYSTEMS AND ASSEMBLIES OF PEOPLE
lev0296 WHICH MAY BE COMPARED AS I SAID TO THE SIMILAR PARTS OF MANS BODY
lev0297 SUCH AS BE LAWFUL TO THE MUSCLES SUCH AS ARE UNLAWFUL TO WENS BILES AND APOSTEMES
lev0298 ENGENDERED BY THE UNNATURAL CONFLUX OF EVIL HUMOURS END OF CHAPTER TWENTY TWO

License:

Copyright (C) 2008 Free Software Foundation

This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
the Free Software Foundation; either version 3 of the License, or
(at your option) any later version.

This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
GNU General Public License for more details.

leonMire-20080526-lev.tgz

--- (Edited on 6/27/2008 6:24 am [GMT-0500] by speechsubmission) ---